Common wasp vs Aerial yellowjacket
These two are easy to mix up. Here's how to tell a common wasp from an aerial yellowjacket, and whether either one bites or stings.
Common wasp
Vespula vulgaris
Aerial yellowjacket
Dolichovespula arenaria
≠The key differences
Vespula species are generally stockier with different black-and-yellow banding and often nest underground; examine nest location and banding patterns to distinguish.
⚖︎Side by side
| Common wasp | Aerial yellowjacket | |
|---|---|---|
| To humans | Painful sting | Painful sting |
| Size | Workers 10-16 mm; queens up to 20 mm | Workers 12-16 mm; queens 18-20 mm |
| Colours | Yellow, Black, Brown (eyes/legs) | Yellow, Black, Gray (nest paper) |
| Family | Vespidae | Vespidae |
| Habitat | Woodland edges, gardens, parks, urban areas; nests in cavities, attics, wall voids, under sheds, compost heaps or underground | Woodlands, suburban and urban areas; nests built above ground in trees, shrubs, attics, under eaves, or hanging from structures |
| Range | Native across much of Europe and temperate Asia; introduced to New Zealand, Australia, Argentina and other regions | Widespread across North America, including most of Canada and the continental United States |
| Active | Spring to autumn; most active in summer and late summer afternoons | Late spring through early fall; most active during warm daylight hours |
| Pest? | Yes | Yes |
🔍How to spot a common wasp
- Yellow and black banded abdomen with compact, stocky body and elbowed antennae
- Size: workers about 10-16 mm; queens noticeably larger
- Facial and abdominal pattern differences from similar species (see similar species)
🔍How to spot an aerial yellowjacket
- Black and yellow pattern with an elongated abdomen compared with some shorter-bodied yellowjackets
- Workers 12-16 mm; queens larger and more robust (18-20 mm)
- Paper, spherical or ovoid nests attached above ground (trees, shrubs, eaves) often with a single hanging entrance
- Behavior: foraging in daylight on flowers, tree sap, and human foods; defensive near nests
?Frequently asked questions
What is the difference between a common wasp and an aerial yellowjacket?
Vespula species are generally stockier with different black-and-yellow banding and often nest underground; examine nest location and banding patterns to distinguish.
Is a common wasp or an aerial yellowjacket more dangerous?
Common wasp: Painful sting. Aerial yellowjacket: Painful sting. Workers can deliver painful stings repeatedly; stings cause local pain, swelling and redness. Workers can sting repeatedly and will defend nests aggressively.
Identification from photos is never certain: don't handle insects you can't identify, and get medical advice for bites, stings or allergic reactions.